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For history of Korea before its division, see History of Korea.

The history of South Korea begins with the Japanese surrender on 2 September 1945.^[1] At that time, South Korea and North Korea were divided, despite being the same people and on the same peninsula. In 1950, the Korean War broke out. North Korea overran South Korea until US-led UN forces intervened. At the end of the war in 1953, the border between South and North remained largely similar. Tensions between the two sides continued. South Korea alternated between dictatorship and liberal democracy. It underwent substantial economic development.

Background

After Japan's defeat in the Pacific War in 1945, the Korean region, which was part of Japan's territory, was occupied bygd American and Soviet forces. In 1948, with the end of the U.S. military government, South Korea declared its independence from Japan as the Republic of Korea. In 1952, when Japan approved the independenc

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